During our dealings with the computer, we encountered
many terms, but a number of terms remain basic and necessary, and they are what
we will define.
BIT
A bit, the smallest unit of measurement in a computer,
is a single number representing either “one” or “zero” and each octet of it is
called a byte.
CPU
The central processing unit is the basic chip in a
computer, and the most famous of these processors are the Intel Pentium
processor.
Accelerator Card
An acceleration card is a special card that you add to
the computer to make it faster than before, and it is most often used in
graphics cards that speed up the display of graphics on the screen.
Access Time
Latency, which is the time it takes a hard disk to
fetch data, is usually measured in milliseconds, or milliseconds, and the lower
the latency, the faster the hard drive transfers data.
Active Matrix Screen
It is a type of monitor used in laptop computers, and
it has a great color display that is easy to view from any angle.
Anti-Glare Screen
It is the anti-glare screen, and the purpose of this
is to reduce the amount of light reflected from the computer screen on the eye
to reduce visual strain.
ASCII
It is the ASCII code, which stands for the American
Standard Code for Information Interchange, and it is a standardized code for
text and numbers.
Auto-Save
It is an auto-save feature, found in many programs to
allow you to save your data automatically every few minutes.
AVI
It is a type of popular video file format, which
allows you to watch the picture and sound together on the computer, and this
type needs large storage spaces in case you want a good viewing.
Background task
It is the background task. Today's computers allow
performing more than one operation at a time, for example working in the
background, such as printing a page while you are working on a program at the
same time.
Backup
Backup Backing up your data to backup media, and
backup storage media of various types including discs and tapes.
Bad Sector
It is the damaged sector of the disk that cannot be
written or read from, and the presence of many bad sectors usually causes
incompetence of the disk.
Bay
Expansion shelf, which is where you can put your hard
disk, floppy disk, laser disk, or backup drive.
BIOS
The main IO, a set of commands usually stored on a
chip inside the computer, keeps track of all accessories and expansion cards on
the computer.
Bitmapped Image
Bitmap, an image file that is created with fine
points, usually takes a lot of space to store and loses its clarity if it gets
smaller.
Boot Up
The process of booting the computer, which is to start
the computer and load its operating system, is also called the Disk Boot, which
contains the system programs that allow the computer to run.
Buffer
The buffer, used most often in printers, is a section
of the printer's memory that stores information that we want to print.
Bug
A programming error is an error that usually occurs
only when the program is running in a specific situation that the program
designers did not notice.
Bus
The bus is an electronic channel inside the computer
that transfers information between the CPU chip and the expansion card, and
there are many types of buses, the most popular of which is the PCI bus.
Cache - Disk
Real-time disk memory, which is part of the randomized
memory that allows the computer to run quickly, the process of transferring
data from the disk is slow and the process of saving the data in the virtual
memory disk will speed it up from the files it retrieved. It will speed up the
data transfer process.
cache - RAM
Instant memory, which is a type of very fast memory
stick, and there are two types, one built inside the CPU and the other on the
motherboard.
Case
The chest contains the main computer equipment,
usually two types of it: a desk that is placed on the desktop, and a tower that
is placed on the floor.
CD-ROM
A CD is a type of portable storage device, but it has
a very large capacity and is often used for large programs, photos, multimedia
presentations, or video.
CHIP
The chip, usually a small piece of silicon, usually
contains millions of very fine electronic components “integrated circuits” such
as memory chips and a processing unit chip.
Clock Speed
Clock speed, is the speed at which the computer
operates and is usually calculated in millions of circuits per second, and this
process is called megahertz, and for every computer, a clock moves its central
processing unit at a constant speed.
Cluster
The collector, which is the smallest part of the disk,
is used to store information, no matter how small the file is, it needs at
least one collector on the disk.
Coaxial Cable
A cable with two coaxial connectors, a high-quality
connector used to connect computers to a network, is similar to those used
between video and television.
CODEC
The name is derived from the first two letters of the
word compress and the first three letters of the word decompress, which is the
process of compressing data so that it takes up a small amount of space and
then decompresses it by the operator.
Color Depth
Color depth is the number of colors that the computer
can display on the screen, and of course the greater the depth of colors the
better the vision, but of course, this will affect the speed of the computer if
you do not use fast cards.
Command Prompt
It is the well-known operating system prompt C, which
appears when the troop system is turned on and means that the system is ready
to receive commands.
Compression
The process of compressing data it takes up little
space, and there are many programs that compress data, the most popular of
which is WINZIP
Data Transfer Rate
The data transfer rate, for hard disks, is measured in
megabytes per second, as for compact disks, it is measured in kilometers per
second, and of course the higher the speed, the better the performance.
Device Driver
Hardware driver software is a special program that
translates between an operating system and computer peripherals.
Digital Camera
A digital camera is a camera that takes pictures without movies, but the pictures are stored as digital files that can later be transferred to a computer.